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Parveen Babi

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Parveen Babi
Babi in Amar Akbar Anthony (1977)
Born(1954-04-04)4 April 1954
Junagadh, Saurashtra, India
Died20 January 2005(2005-01-20) (aged 50)
Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
Alma materSt. Xavier's College (MA)
Occupations
  • Actress
  • model
Years active1972–1991
Signature

Parveen Sultana Wali Mohammad Khanji Babi[1] (pronounced [pəɾ.ʋin ˈbɑ.bi]; 4 April 1954 – 20 January 2005) was an Indian actress and model who worked in Hindi films. Regarded as one of the finest actresses of Hindi cinema, she was one of the highest-paid actresses of early 1970s and 80s.[2] Babi was known for her glamorous acting style, her modeling and fashion, and was often cited in the media as a sex symbol.[3][4]

Babi made her acting debut with the film Charitra (1973), and received recognition for Majboor (1974). She had her breakthrough with Deewaar (1975), and went on to establish herself with successful films such as - Amar Akbar Anthony (1977), Suhaag (1979), Kaala Patthar (1979), The Burning Train (1980), Shaan (1980), Kranti (1981), Kaalia (1981) and Namak Halaal (1982). In 1976, she was the first Bollywood star to appear on the cover of Time magazine.[5] The 1991 film Irada marked her final film appearance before retirement.[6]

Babi's personal life has been well-documented by the media; she had remained unmarried after a string of relationships with Kabir Bedi, Danny Denzongpa and Mahesh Bhatt. She was diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia, which came to the attention of the public following various incidents, as well as diabetes. She also had osteoarthritis of the knee. On 20 January 2005, Babi died of multiple organ failure.[7]

Early life

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Parveen Babi was born on 4 April 1954 in Junagadh to a nobel family.[8][9] Born fourteen years after her parents' marriage, she was the only child of Vali Mohammed Khan Babi, an administrator of Junagadh State and a relative of Muhammad Mahabat Khan III. Her mother was Jamal Bakhte Babi (died 2001) from Amreli. They were part of the Babi tribe of Pashtuns. [1][10][11] She lost her father to cancer when she was six years old.[12] She lived in a haveli with 54 rooms. In a letter to Kabir Bedi, Babi described her childhood:[13]

"Kabir, my childhood has been one dark fearful journey. As a child, I was unable to get or maybe receive the kind of love I needed. I never felt at home in my home. I was unable to communicate with people around me, and people around me were too ignorant to understand my kind of child. I felt insecure at every step..."

Babi did her early schooling from Mount Carmel High School, Ahmedabad and later attended St. Xavier's College, Ahmedabad. As a native speaker of Gujarati, Hindi, and Urdu, Babi self-taught herself English during college. She earned a Bachelor of Arts degree in English and Psychology and a Master of Arts in English.[1]

Career

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1972–1975: Modelling, transition to Bollywood and Breakthrough

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Babi's modelling career began in 1972 and was quickly followed by her film debut with the film Charitra (1973), opposite cricketer Salim Durrani.[14] The film was a flop, but she was noticed and snapped up for several more films. Babi first received recognition for her role as Neela in the drama film Majboor (1974). She had her breakthrough starring as a prostitute, Anita, in the action crime-drama film Deewaar (1975), which attained a cult following, and helped established her as a leading lady.

1975–1982: Established actress

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She went on to appear in many successful films throughout the 1970s and early 1980s, most notably starring as Jenny in Amar Akbar Anthony (1977), Anu in Suhaag (1979), Anita in Kaala Patthar (1979), Sheetal in The Burning Train (1980), Sunita in Shaan (1980), Shallini / Rani in Kaalia (1981), and Nisha in Namak Halaal (1982).

Babi was one of the most successful actresses of her era, along with Hema Malini, Rekha, Zeenat Aman, Neetu Singh, Reena Roy, Raakhee Gulzar, Smita Patil and Shabana Azmi. She starred opposite Amitabh Bachchan in eight films, all hits or superhits. She also starred in other hit films such as Suhaag (1979), Kaala Patthar (1979), and Namak Halaal (1982) opposite Shashi Kapoor, Kala Sona (1975) opposite Feroz Khan, Chandi Sona (1977) opposite Sanjay Khan and Jaani Dost (1983) opposite Dharmendra. Later in her career, she had also appeared in off-beat films such as Vinod Pande's Yeh Nazdeekiyan (1982), playing the "other woman" opposite Marc Zuber, and Dil... Akhir Dil Hai (1982), opposite Naseeruddin Shah.[15]

Her career peaked at the time when most heroines were engulfed in Indian attributes, and Babi was one among the few actresses whose attire was completely westernised, and this provided her a certain latitude many other contemporary female artists were denied in India's heavily male-dominated and misogynistic cinematic fiefdom. Babi along with Zeenat Aman, with their chiselled looks, well-sculpted bodies and anglicised accents, donned the mantle of the westernized Indian heroine and imparted to the female prima donna of Bollywood their characteristic mannerisms forever.[16] In fact, she acted alongside Aman in Mahaan (1983) and Ashanti (1982) (inspired by the American television show Charlie's Angels, with the third role played by Shabana Azmi).

As Babi's personality symbolised western standards, it was difficult for Bollywood producers to give her the typical bharatiya nari and gaon ki gori roles. She mainly starred in westernised and glamorous roles that established her status as a top heroine. She appeared in several commercially successful films of the era, and her main co-stars were Amitabh Bachchan, Shashi Kapoor, Feroz Khan, Dharmendra, and Vinod Khanna, all leading stars of the 1970s and 1980s.[17] Aside from acting, Babi also worked as a model in her career. She generally would appear on the front page of every film magazine, including Filmfare, The Stardust, and Bombay Dyeing.[17][18] She was also the first Bollywood actress to appear on the front page of Time magazine in July 1976, for which she made history; the cover has since become iconic.[19]

She never shied away from portraying roles of women having a live-in relationship with men and consuming alcohol openly, both of which were taboo in those times. The fact that Babi was paired with Amitabh Bachchan in eight films during the peak of the Big B mania attests to her stature and star power. Bachchan and Babi complemented each other in the heady first years of the Angry Young Man phenomenon. [20]

1983–2005: Later life

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Babi later "disappeared" from the film scene in 1983, informing nobody of her whereabouts, which allowed for exaggerated rumours and pompous claims that she might be "under the control" of figures in the "underworld". Many of her completed films were released in the following years, right up to her last film Akarshan in 1988.[21] She started a career as an interior decorator in 1983.[22] After withdrawing from show business, she took up music, piano, painting, architecture, literature, writing, cultural and archaeological study, politics, photography, sculpture, and human-rights issues. She also made numerous contributions to newspapers and magazines from 1973 to 1992. She lived in a penthouse apartment in Mumbai, living affluently from sound financial investments.[23]

Personal life

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Babi was said to have lived alone, and converted to Christianity during the late 1990s.[24][25]

Relationships

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Around 1969, Babi became engaged to her distant cousin from Pakistan, Jamil Khan, before it was ended by her mother during the 1971 Indo-Pak war, leaving her devastated.[26] In 1972, Babi dated Neville Damania, the bassist of the band Purple Flowers, until she relocated to Bombay to pursue a career in the film industry.[1] She was in a relationship with Danny Denzongpa for four years.[27]

Parveen met Kabir Bedi, who was in the midst of an open relationship with his wife, Protima Bedi, at the time. After learning about Babi and Kabir's relationship, Protima and Kabir agreed to divorced, allowing him to date Babi exclusively. In 1976, Babi accompanied Bedi to Italy and Spain following the success of his television series Sandokan (1976). They split in 1977.[28][29] Following this, she began dating film director Mahesh Bhatt.

Struggles with mental health

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Mahesh Bhatt revealed Babi had her first panic attack in 1969 during communal riots. In which she was hidden under a mattress and transported to her guardian's home, fearing she might be sexually assaulted.[30][1][13]

On 30 July 1983, Babi left India and travelled to various countries for a spiritual journey with U. G. Krishnamurti and her friend Valentine and spent some of the time in California and Houston. She returned to Mumbai in November 1989. She was rumoured to have been diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia, although she regularly denied this, stating that her being labelled as such was a conspiracy by the film industry and the media to malign her image and make her appear insane, so that they could cover up their crimes.[31] This led Babi to break relationships with most of her friends and family, and becoming reclusive.[32] She accused many foreign dignitaries as well as Indian film personalities, including Amitabh Bachchan, Bill Clinton, Robert Redford, Prince Charles, Al Gore, US government, British government, French government, BJP government, Roman Catholic Church, the CIA, CBI, KGB and Mossad,[33][34] of conspiring to kill her, but her petition in court was dismissed for lack of evidence; her evidence turned out to be scribblings on a notepad.[31]

On 7 April 1984, Babi was suspected at John F. Kennedy International Airport after she failed to submit her identification papepapers, the authorities handcuffed her and kept her in a general ward with thirty other mentally disturbed patients. The Indian Consul General, who had been informed of the incident, had come to visit her at the hospital. During U.G.'s visit, Babi smiled and chatted with the consul as though nothing had happened.[35][36][31] In an interview to a film magazine dated 1989, she said: "Amitabh Bachchan is a super international gangster. He is after my life. His goons kidnapped me and I was kept on an island where they performed a surgery on me and planted one transmitter/chip/electronic bug right under my ear." There was a photograph of Babi showing a scar below her ears.[37][38]

In 2002, she again hit the headlines when she filed an affidavit in a special court hearing of the 1993 serial bomb blasts case, claiming that she had gathered clinching evidence against actor Sanjay Dutt showing his involvement in the case, but she did not turn up in court after being summoned, saying that she was afraid of being killed.[31] In the last four years of her life, Babi recorded every phone call, always punctiliously informing the caller about surveillance.

Death

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Babi was found dead on 22 January 2005 after her residential society secretary alerted the police that she had not collected groceries and newspapers from her doorstep for three days.[39] The police suspected that she may have been dead for up to 72 hours before her body was found. The cause of her death was not immediately known. She was found to have a gangrene of the left foot, a complication of her diabetic condition. A wheelchair was found near her bed along with a series of disarranged paintings, clothes, medicines, and old newspapers. It is possible that she was unable to walk in her last days due to a gangrenous foot and required the use of a wheelchair to move around her flat.[40] A post-mortem was conducted at Cooper Hospital and reports showed that there were no traces of food in her stomach, but some alcohol (possibly from her medication) was found and it is possible that she had not consumed anything for more than three days and as a consequence starved to death. The police ruled out foul play and determined she succumbed to total organ failure and diabetes.[41]

Babi converted to Christianity during the last years of her life, as she stated in an interview, and was baptised in a Protestant Anglican Church at Malabar Hill.[42] She expressed a desire to be buried as per Christian rites, but her relatives who were Muslims claimed her body after her death and buried her according to Islamic rites.[24][43] Babi was buried at Juhu Muslim cemetery in Santacruz, Mumbai.[44]

After her death the State Administrator General of Maharashtra became sole custodian of her properties and assets.[45] Following her death, chaos erupted when various distant relatives filed petitions with the high court regarding the will of her property which had been lying in the locker of a Junagadh bank, executed jointly by actor and friend Murad Khan Babi. The will stated that 70% of her property was to be put in a trust in her name to help poor members of the Babi family. 20% was pledged to Murad Khan Babi, for being "a guiding force", and 10% was to be given to Christian missionary funds.[46][47]

Five years later, due to a shortage of land space for burials, Babi's grave along with other luminary Bollywood celebrities, such as Mohammed Rafi, Madhubala, Sahir Ludhianvi, Talat Mahmood, Naushad Ali, who were interred at Santa Cruz Muslim Cemetery, were exhumed and their remains were relocated to a new resting place.[48][49][50]

Artistry and legacy

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Babi is regarded as one of the greatest actors of Indian cinema.[51] One of the highest paid actresses of 1970s to early 1980s, in 2022, she was placed in Outlook India's "75 Best Bollywood Actresses" list.[52] Babi was among the most stylish and beautiful actress of Hindi cinema. Times of India placed her in its "50 Beautiful Faces" list.[53] She was the first Indian star to be featured on the cover of the Asia edition of TIME in 1976.[54] Rediff.com placed Babi seventh in its "Sexiest Bollywood stars of all times" list.[55] Babi is considered among the hottest Bollywood actresses of all time.[56]

Writing for Firstpost, Subhash K. Jha noted, "With her good looks, perk, poise, and sex appeal, the sky was the limit for Parveen Babi."[57] Filmfare noted, "In the 1970s and 1980s, Parveen Babi had a devoted fan base and lit up the screen whenever she showed on it."[58] India Today wrote, "Parveen Babi with her chiselled looks, well-sculpted body and anglicised accents donned the mantle of archetypal Indian heroine and imparted to the female prima donna of Bollywood her characteristic mannerisms forever."[59] Latha Srinavasan of The Sunday Guardian termed her "alluring yet outspoken" and said she was "a sensation in the 1970s".[60]

Filmography

[edit]
Year Title Role Notes Ref.
1973 Charitra
1974 Trimurti Sunita [61]
Majboor Neela
Dhuen Ki Lakeer
36 Ghante Naina Roy
1975 Deewaar Anita [62]
Kaala Sona Durga
1976 Bhanwar Roopa D'Souza
Bullet Sapna
Rangila Ratan Madhu
Mazdoor Zindabaad Kamla
1977 Amar Akbar Anthony Jenny [63]
Chalta Purza Sheetal
Darinda Kirti Thakur
Mastan Dada
Mama Bhanja Madhu Malini
Chor Sipahee Bharti Khanna
Chandi Sona Rita
1978 Pati, Patni Aur Woh Neeta Cameo appearance
Aahuti Rekha
1979 Kaala Patthar Anita [64]
Suhaag Anu [65]
1980 Do Aur Do Paanch Anju Sharma
The Burning Train Sheetal Vinod Verma
Shaan Sunita Vijay Kumar Also playback singer
Gunehgaar Madhu
Ek Gunah Aur Sahi Paro
1981 Kranti Sureeli [66]
Khoon Aur Paani Rita
Meri Aawaz Suno Rita
Kaalia Shalini / Rani Singh
Raksha Chanda / Bijli
1982 Desh Premee Dr. Priti
Namak Halaal Nisha [67]
Ashanti Sunita
Dil... Akhir Dil Hai Sapna
Khud-Daar Mary
Yeh Nazdeekiyan Kiran
Taaqat Ambika
1983 Mangal Pandey Kavita Uncredited role
Durdesh Renu Indo-Canadian film
Arpan Sona
Rang Birangi Nirmala Sharma
Mahaan Manju
Jaani Dost Meena
Razia Sultan Khakun [68]
Chor Police Seema
1984 Bad Aur Badnam
Teri Bahon Mein Dancer Special appearance in song
Kanoon Meri Mutthi Mein Geeta 'Jwala'
1985 Ameer Aadmi Gharib Aadmi Dancer Cameo appearance
Sitamgar Sheela
Telephone Anita
Bond 303 Geeta / Suziana Double Role
Karm Yudh Herself Cameo appearance [69]
1986 Avinash Nisha
1988 Akarshan Cameo appearance
1991 Iraada Kiran Final film

Honors and tributes

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Mahesh Bhatt, Babi's former partner, wrote and directed Arth (1982), a supposedly semi-autobiographical film about his relationship with Babi. Smita Patil's role in the film was inspired by Babi.[70] Bhatt wrote and produced Woh Lamhe (2006) directed by his nephew Mohit Suri, based on his recollection and interpretation of his relationship with Babi and without any inputs from her. The role inspired by her was played by Kangana Ranaut.[71][72]

Actress Zeenat Aman said, "Parveen was gorgeous, glamorous and talented. Back in the '70s, we wore our hair in a similar manner and enjoyed Western fashion. After her death, I often ruminated on how she was remembered. Parveen was much more than who she dated or what she said when she was unwell. I feel she never truly got the chance to say her piece."[73] Designer Manish Malhotra said, "Parveen Babi brought minimalism into fashion. She was always impeccable, not overdoing it even once."[74] Malhotra also added her in his "Five super stylish heroines of the seventies" list.[3] In 2006, the 37th International Film Festival of India honoured Babi by screening her films.[75] In 2020, Karishma Upadhyay wrote her biography named, "Parveen Babi: A Life".[76]

Further reading

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  • Karishma Upadhyay (2020). Parveen Babi: A Life. Hachette India. ISBN 978-93-88322-94-2.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d e Karishma Upadhyay (2020). Parveen Babi: A Life. Hachette India. ISBN 978-93-88322-94-2.
  2. ^ Doe, John (4 April 2024). "On Parveen Babi's birth anniversary, five interesting facts about her life". Hindustan Times. Hindustan Times. Retrieved 29 December 2024.
  3. ^ a b "Manish Malhotra picks his five favourite super stylish heroines of the seventies". The Telegraph. 23 November 2010. Archived from the original on 28 November 2010. Retrieved 19 July 2012.
  4. ^ "Parveen Babi Death Anniversary: 5 best movies of the glamourous [sic] actress". Free Press Journal India. 19 January 2022.
  5. ^ "Time magazine features starlet Parveen Babi on its cover, sets Bombay on fire". India Today. 11 June 2014. Retrieved 16 February 2021.
  6. ^ "Remembering Parveen Babi: The Tragic Life and Death of One of Bollywood's Most Beautiful Actress". Masala!. 20 February 2020.
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  8. ^ "Parveen Babi to Asha Parekh: Actresses from Gujarat who shaped the Bollywood industry". The Times of India. 10 August 2023.
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  71. ^ "Filmmaker Mahesh Bhatt - Parveen Babi and Parvan I" The Dawn. Retrieved 31 December 2006.
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  73. ^ Zeenat Aman remembers 'remarkable' Parveen Babi on her birthday: Never truly got the chance to say her piece Hindustan Times. Retrieved 29 April 2022.
  74. ^ "The Damsel That Was-Parveen Babi". Radiocity.in. 21 June 2021. Retrieved 11 November 2022.
  75. ^ "37th IIFA: Directorate of Film Festival" (PDF). iffi.nic.in. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 April 2016. Retrieved 19 March 2018.
  76. ^ Parveen Babi: A Life by Karishma Upadhyay fetishises actor’s suffering! HuffPost. Retrieved 23 September 2021.
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